Influence mechanism of visual perception of edge rate lines cycle length on driver’s speed

It is known that the installation of edge rate lines can help reduce driving speed. Theoretically, higher edge rate density leads to higher perception speed, so as the effect of speed reduction. However, there has not been a successful evaluation of appropriate design cycle length requirements. A series of experiments were taken on the straight sections on Hangrui highway in China. The cycle length was separately set in different values of 16, 8, 4, 2 and 1 m. The results showed that cycle length had significantly influence on the speed reduction effect. When the length of spatial edge rate line in each cycle λ equalled to the value of 16, 8, 4, 2 m, the effect of speed reduction was significantly enhanced as λ decreased. Percent of average speed reduction was 0.8, 3.0, 5.8 and 7.4%, respectively. However, when λ = 1 m, speed reduction effect was weaker than λ = 2 m, reduction percent of average speed was 5.2%. Then, relations between acceleration and average edge rate was analysed. When temporal frequency of edge rate lines fell in (10 Hz, 19 Hz], the braking deceleration of drivers increased as the temporal frequency increased, which conformed to the relation between temporal frequency and perception speed; when temporal frequency was lower than 10 Hz, some drivers will speed up. It may be related to the threshold of perception speed difference; when temporal frequency was higher than 19 Hz, some drivers will speed up. It may be related to flicker fusion phenomenon. According to the experiments results, edge rate lines cycle length for future implementations should be determined by the speed distribution of the target road. First published online 19 August 202

Susceptibility of schizophrenia and affective disorder not associated with loci on chromosome 6q in Han Chinese population

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Several linkage studies across multiple population groups provide convergent support for susceptibility loci for schizophrenia – and, more recently, for affective disorder – on chromosome 6q. We explore whether schizophrenia and affective disorder have common susceptibility gene on 6q in Han Chinese population.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In the present study, we genotyped 45 family trios from Han Chinese population with mixed family history of schizophrenia and affective disorder. Twelve short tandem repeat (STRs) markers were selected, which covered 102.19 cM on chromosome 6q with average spacing 9.29 cM and heterozygosity 0.78. The transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) was performed to search for susceptibility loci to schizophrenia and affective disorder.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The results showed STRs D6S257, D6S460, D6S1021, D6S292 and D6S1581 were associated with susceptibility to psychotic disorders. When families were grouped into schizophrenia and affective disorder group, D6S257, D6S460 and D6S1021, which map closely to the centromere of chromosome 6q, were associated with susceptibility to schizophrenia. Meanwhile, D6S1581, which maps closely to the telomere, was associated with susceptibility to affective disorder. But after correction of multiple test, all above association were changed into no significance (P > 0.05).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>These results suggest that susceptibility of schizophrenia and affective disorder not associated with loci on chromosome 6q in Han Chinese population.</p

Variasi Temperatur Pencampuran Terhadap Parameter Marshall Pada Campuran Lapis Aspal Beton

This study was conducted to determine the effect of temperature variations on the mixing processof the asphalt concrete AC-WC (Asphalt Concrete-Wearing Course) subtle gradations in themiddle limit and lower limit of the Marshall parameters with reference to specifications of BinaMarga, 2010.From the results of experiments conducted that the optimum asphalt content is used to middle limitusing a asphalt content of 5,7% and 6,8% for the lower limit after that mixing was done usingtemperature variation of 120 o C, 130 o C, 140 o C, 150 o C, and 160 o C.To a mixture of Laston AC-WC subtle gradations middle limit grading 5,7% asphalt contentmixing temperature using a temperature of 120 o C, 130 o C, 140 o C, 150 o C, 160 o C and still meet allstandards of marshall parameters. Ideal mixing temperature variations in the middle limit ofmixing temperature 150 o C-160 o C. While the lower limit to the level of 6,8% asphalt contentmixing temperatures between 120 o C-160 o C did not meet the specifications, because the MQ valuebelow the minimum value of 250 kg / mm

Blood-Based Gene Expression Profiles Models for Classification of Subsyndromal Symptomatic Depression and Major Depressive Disorder

Subsyndromal symptomatic depression (SSD) is a subtype of subthreshold depressive and also lead to significant psychosocial functional impairment as same as major depressive disorder (MDD). Several studies have suggested that SSD is a transitory phenomena in the depression spectrum and is thus considered a subtype of depression. However, the pathophysioloy of depression remain largely obscure and studies on SSD are limited. The present study compared the expression profile and made the classification with the leukocytes by using whole-genome cRNA microarrays among drug-free first-episode subjects with SSD, MDD, and matched controls (8 subjects in each group). Support vector machines (SVMs) were utilized for training and testing on candidate signature expression profiles from signature selection step. Firstly, we identified 63 differentially expressed SSD signatures in contrast to control (P< = 5.0E-4) and 30 differentially expressed MDD signatures in contrast to control, respectively. Then, 123 gene signatures were identified with significantly differential expression level between SSD and MDD. Secondly, in order to conduct priority selection for biomarkers for SSD and MDD together, we selected top gene signatures from each group of pair-wise comparison results, and merged the signatures together to generate better profiles used for clearly classify SSD and MDD sets in the same time. In details, we tried different combination of signatures from the three pair-wise compartmental results and finally determined 48 gene expression signatures with 100% accuracy. Our finding suggested that SSD and MDD did not exhibit the same expressed genome signature with peripheral blood leukocyte, and blood cell–derived RNA of these 48 gene models may have significant value for performing diagnostic functions and classifying SSD, MDD, and healthy controls

Source Model and Stress Disturbance of the 2017 Jiuzhaigou Mw 6.5 Earthquake Constrained by InSAR and GPS Measurements

Seismogenic fault geometry, especially for a blind fault, is usually difficult to derive, based only on the distribution of aftershocks and interference fringes of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR). To better constrain the fault geometry of the 2017 Jiuzhaigou Mw 6.5 earthquake, we first carried out a nonlinear inversion for a single fault source using multi-peak particle swarm optimization (MPSO), Monte Carlo (MC), and Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms, respectively, with constraints of InSAR data in multiple SAR viewing geometries. The fault geometry models retrieved with different methods were highly consistent and mutually verifiable, showing that a blind faulting with a strike of ~154&deg; and a dip angle of ~77&deg; was responsible for the Jiuzhaigou earthquake. Based on the optimal fault geometry model, the fault slip distribution jointly inverted from the InSAR and Global Positioning System (GPS) data by the steepest descent method (SDM) and the MC method showed that the slip was mainly concentrated at the depth of 1&ndash;15 km, and only one slip center appeared at the depth of 5&ndash;9 km with a maximum slip of about 1.06 m, some different from previous studies. Taking the shear modulus of &mu; = 32 GPa, the seismic moment derived from the distributed slip model was about 7.85 &times; 1018 Nm, equivalent to Mw 6.54, which was slightly larger than that from the focal mechanism solutions. The fault spatial geometry and slip distribution could be further validated with the spatial patterns of the immediate aftershocks. Most of the off-fault aftershocks with the magnitude &gt; M2 within one year after the mainshock occurred in the stress positive stress change area, which coincided with the stress triggering theory. The static Coulomb stress, triggered by the mainshock, significantly increased at the Tazang fault (northwest to the epicenter), and at the hidden North Huya fault, and partial segments of the Minjiang fault (west of the epicenter)

An Acceleration Denoising Method Based on an Adaptive Kalman Filter for Trajectory in Merging Zones

Vehicle trajectory data can reveal naturalistic driving behaviour trends. However, owing to measurement and processing errors, the trajectory data extracted from videos often contain obvious noise. In merging zones, vehicles tend to accelerate and decelerate frequently, leading to poor denoising performance of the linear Kalman filter (KF). To address this issue, this study proposes a new denoising method based on the adaptive Kalman filter, which automatically switches between KF and Unscented KF to accommodate car-following and merging behaviours, respectively. A merging behaviour detection method was designed based on the PELT method and normalized innovation squared (NIS). The F1 score of 92.9% shows the accuracy of behaviour detection. According to our results, the proposed method minimizes the range of jerk compared with other methods, reducing it from −4927.78 to 4960.72 of raw data to −44.92 to 47.14, indicating a significant improvement in denoising and trajectory smoothing. The goal of this study is to achieve high-precision trajectory data under complex real traffic scenarios

Crustal Deformation on the Northeastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau from Continuous GPS Observations

We installed 10 continuous Global Positioning System (GPS) stations on the northeast margin of the Tibetan Plateau at the end of 2012, in order to qualitatively investigate strain accumulation across the Liupanshan Fault (LPSF). We integrated our newly built stations with 48 other existing GPS stations to provide new insights into three-dimensional tectonic deformation. We employed white plus flicker noise model as a statistical model to obtain realistic velocities and corresponding uncertainties in the ITRF2014 and Ordos-fixed reference frame. The total velocity decrease from northwest to southeast in the Longxi Block (LXB) was 5.3 mm/yr within the range of 200 km west of the LPSF on the horizontal component. The first-order characteristic of the vertical crustal deformation was uplift for the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau. The uplift rates in the LXB and the Ordos Block (ORB) were 1.0 and 2.0 mm/yr, respectively. We adopted an improved spherical wavelet algorithm to invert for multiscale strain rates and rotation rates. Multiscale strain rates showed a complex crustal deformation pattern. A significant clockwise rotation of about 30 nradians/yr (10&minus;9 radians/year) was identified around the Dingxi. Localized strain accumulation was determined around the intersectional region between the Haiyuan Fault (HYF) and the LPSF. The deformation pattern across the LFPS was similar to that of the Longmengshan Fault (LMSF) before the 2008 Wenchuan MS 8.0 earthquake. Furthermore, according to the distributed second invariant of strain rates at different spatial scale, strain partitioning has already spatially localized along the Xiaokou&ndash;Liupanshan&ndash;Longxian&ndash;Baoji fault belt (XLLBF). The tectonic deformation and localized strain buildup together with seismicity imply a high probability for a potential earthquake in this zone

Source Model and Stress Disturbance of the 2017 Jiuzhaigou Mw 6.5 Earthquake Constrained by InSAR and GPS Measurements

Seismogenic fault geometry, especially for a blind fault, is usually difficult to derive, based only on the distribution of aftershocks and interference fringes of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR). To better constrain the fault geometry of the 2017 Jiuzhaigou Mw 6.5 earthquake, we first carried out a nonlinear inversion for a single fault source using multi-peak particle swarm optimization (MPSO), Monte Carlo (MC), and Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms, respectively, with constraints of InSAR data in multiple SAR viewing geometries. The fault geometry models retrieved with different methods were highly consistent and mutually verifiable, showing that a blind faulting with a strike of ~154&deg; and a dip angle of ~77&deg; was responsible for the Jiuzhaigou earthquake. Based on the optimal fault geometry model, the fault slip distribution jointly inverted from the InSAR and Global Positioning System (GPS) data by the steepest descent method (SDM) and the MC method showed that the slip was mainly concentrated at the depth of 1&ndash;15 km, and only one slip center appeared at the depth of 5&ndash;9 km with a maximum slip of about 1.06 m, some different from previous studies. Taking the shear modulus of &mu; = 32 GPa, the seismic moment derived from the distributed slip model was about 7.85 &times; 1018 Nm, equivalent to Mw 6.54, which was slightly larger than that from the focal mechanism solutions. The fault spatial geometry and slip distribution could be further validated with the spatial patterns of the immediate aftershocks. Most of the off-fault aftershocks with the magnitude &gt; M2 within one year after the mainshock occurred in the stress positive stress change area, which coincided with the stress triggering theory. The static Coulomb stress, triggered by the mainshock, significantly increased at the Tazang fault (northwest to the epicenter), and at the hidden North Huya fault, and partial segments of the Minjiang fault (west of the epicenter)

Susceptibility of schizophrenia and affective disorder not associated with loci on chromosome 6q in Han Chinese population

Background: Several linkage studies across multiple population groups provide convergent support for susceptibility loci for schizophrenia - and, more recently, for affective disorder - on chromosome 6q. We explore whether schizophrenia and affective disorder have common susceptibility gene on 6q in Han Chinese population.Methods: In the present study, we genotyped 45 family trios from Han Chinese population with mixed family history of schizophrenia and affective disorder. Twelve short tandem repeat (STRs) markers were selected, which covered 102.19 cM on chromosome 6q with average spacing 9.29 cM and heterozygosity 0.78. The transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) was performed to search for susceptibility loci to schizophrenia and affective disorder.Results: The results showed STRs D6S257, D6S460, D6S1021, D6S292 and D6S1581 were associated with susceptibility to psychotic disorders. When families were grouped into schizophrenia and affective disorder group, D6S257, D6S460 and D6S1021, which map closely to the centromere of chromosome 6q, were associated with susceptibility to schizophrenia. Meanwhile, D6S1581, which maps closely to the telomere, was associated with susceptibility to affective disorder. But after correction of multiple test, all above association were changed into no significance ( P &gt; 0.05).Conclusion: These results suggest that susceptibility of schizophrenia and affective disorder not associated with loci on chromosome 6q in Han Chinese population